Signed Into Law
Signed May 19, 2025Effective 2025-09-01
SB412

Regular Session

Relating to defenses to prosecution for certain offenses involving material or conduct that is obscene or otherwise harmful to children.

Government Affairs & Regulatory Compliance Analysis

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Compliance Analysis

Key implementation requirements and action items for compliance with this legislation

Immediate Action Plan

Operational Changes Required

Strategic Ambiguities & Considerations

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Quick Reference

Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about SB412

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What does Texas SB412 do?

SB412 eliminates the "educational, medical, psychological, psychiatric, and scientific" affirmative defenses against criminal prosecution for distributing material deemed harmful to minors or involving sexual conduct by a child. This legislation exposes libraries, educational institutions, healthcare providers, and retailers to strict criminal liability effective September 1, 2025, regardless of the material's intended educational or therapeutic purpose.

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Who authored SB412?

SB412 was authored by Texas Senator Mayes Middleton during the Regular Session.

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When was SB412 signed into law?

SB412 was signed into law by Governor Greg Abbott on May 19, 2025.

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Which agencies enforce SB412?

SB412 is enforced by County Attorneys, District Attorneys and Local Law Enforcement Agencies.

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How significant are the changes in SB412?

The regulatory priority for SB412 is rated as "critical". Businesses and organizations should review the legislation to understand potential impacts.

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What is the cost impact of SB412?

The cost impact of SB412 is estimated as "high". This may vary based on industry and implementation requirements.

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What topics does SB412 address?

SB412 addresses topics including crimes, crimes--against persons, crimes--against persons--general, crimes--against persons--sexual and criminal procedure.

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What are the key dates for SB412?

Key dates for SB412: Effective date is 2025-09-01. Consult with legal counsel regarding applicability.

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What are the penalties under SB412?

SB412 establishes the following penalties: criminal penalty of Class A Misdemeanor (up to $4,000 fine/1 year jail) to 2nd/3rd Degree Felony (prison time) for Sale, distribution, or display of harmful material to minors (PC 43.24) or sexual performance by a child (PC 43.25) where the actor previously relied on educational, medical, psychological, or psychiatric affirmative defenses.. Consult with legal counsel for specific applicability to your situation.

Legislative data provided by LegiScanLast updated: January 11, 2026